A novel NREM and REM parasomnia with sleep breathing disorder associated with antibodies against IgLON5: a case series, pathological features, and characterization of the antigen

Sleep disorder associated with antibodies to IgLON5: parasomnia or agrypnia?

Effects of Biofeedback Therapy on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Indices in NREM Sleep Parasomnias with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Case study

Introduction: Non-REM parasomnias are a relatively common condition in the general human population. Current treatment plans are usually based on small case series and reports. Considering the effects of sleep disorders on different aspects of human life and the failure of pharmacological treatments in this field, the present study was designed to investigate a case of this sleep disorders with...

Understanding anti-IgLON5 disease

The unambiguous characterization of antibodies against neural antigens has been critical to understand the interplay between the immune system and the brain, allowing in some instances the discovery of clinical entities that had been previously unrecognized or lumped with other syndromes under generic names. The best example is anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, a relatively common disease that b...

Pathophysiology of Parasomnias

Parasomnias may occur at the transition from wakefulness to non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, e.g., hypnic starts, during NREM sleep, e.g., teeth grinding, head banging, sleep walking, confusional arousals, and sleep terrors, or during rapid eye movement or REM sleep, e.g., nightmares and REM sleep behavior disorder [1, 2]. The occurrence of parasomnias in preschool age children is almost ub...

Spatial Learning Paradigm Can Increase Post-Stress Total Time of REM Sleep in Immobilized Rats

Background & Objective: Stress contributes to sleep-wake behavior in all animals. It seems that factors such as learning and memory processes can improve sleep disorders. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effects of stress and learning (spatial memory) on total post-stress rapid-eye-movement (REM), non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) and waking time in rats. Materials & Met...